what is Egypt's Facts & Figures?
Population:
102,079,636 (July 2011 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 15
Age structure:
0-14 years: 32.7% (male 13,725,282/female 13,112,157)
15-64 years: 62.8% (male 26,187,921/female 25,353,947)
65 years and over: 4.5% (male 1,669,313/female 2,031,016) (2011 est.)
Median age:
Total: 24.3 years
Male: 24 years
Female: 24.6 years (2011 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.96% (2011 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 57
Birth rate:
24.63 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 64
Death rate:
4.82 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 193
Net migration rate:
-0.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 124
Urbanization:
Urban population: 43.4% of total population (2010)
Rate of urbanization: 2.1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major cities - population:
Cairo (capital) 10.902 million; Alexandria 4.387 million (2009)
Sex ratio:
At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
Total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Total: 25.2 deaths/1,000 live births
Country comparison to the world: 81
Male: 26.8 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 23.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Total population: 72.66 years
Country comparison to the world: 123
Male: 70.07 years
Female: 75.38 years (2011 est.)
Total fertility rate:
2.97 children born/woman (2011 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 65
HIV/aids - adult prevalence rate:
Less than 0.1% (2009 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 126
HIV/aids - people living with HIV/Aids:
11,000 (2009 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 95
HIV/Aids - deaths:
Fewer than 500 (2009 est.)
Country comparison to the world: 94
Major infectious diseases:
The degree of risk: intermediate
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis a, and typhoid fever
Vector-borne disease: rift valley fever
Water contact disease: Schistosomiasis
Note: highly pathogenic h5n1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
Nationality:
Noun: Egyptian(s)
Adjective: Egyptian
Ethnic groups:
Egyptian 99.6%, other 0.4% (2006 census)
Religions:
Muslim (mostly Sunni) 90%, Coptic 9%, other Christian 1%
Languages:
Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes
Literacy:
Definition: age 15 and over who can read and write
Total population: 71.4%
Male: 83%
Female: 59.4% (2005 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Total: 11 years
Male: 11 years
Female: 11 years (2004)
Education expenditures:
3.8% of GDP (2008)
Country comparison to the world: 110
Government:
Country name: Egypt
Conventional long form: Arab Republic of Egypt
Conventional short form: Egypt
Local long form: Jumhuriyat Misr Al-Arabiya
Local short form: Misr
Former: United Arab Republic (with Syria)
Government type:
Republic
Capital:
Name: Cairo
Geographic coordinates: 30 03 N, 31 15 E
Time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during standard time)
Administrative divisions:
29 governorates (Muhafazat, singular - Muhafazat); Ad Daqahliyah, Al Bahr Al Ahmar (Red Sea), Al Buhayrah (El Beheira), Al Fayyum (El Fayoum), Al Gharbiyah, Al Iskandariyah (Alexandria), Al Isma'iliyah (Ismailia), Al Jizah (Giza), Al Minufiyah (El Monofia), Al Minya, Al Qahirah (Cairo), Al Qalyubiyah, Al Uqsur (Luxor), Al Wadi Al Jadid (New Valley), As Suways (Suez), Ash Sharqiyah, Aswan, Asyut, Bani Suwayf (Beni Suef), Bur Sa'id (Port Said), Dumyat (Damietta), Helwan, Janub Sina' (South Sinai), Kafr Ash Shaykh, Matruh (Western Desert), Qina (Qena), Shamal Sina' (North Sinai), Sittah Uktubar, Suhaj (Sohag)
Independence:
28 February 1922 (from UK protectorate status; the revolution that began on 23 July 1952 led to a republic being declared on 18 June 1953 and all British troops withdrawn on 18 June 1956); note - it was ca. 3200 BCE that the two lands of Upper (southern) and Lower (northern) Egypt was first united politically
National holiday:
Revolution day, 23 July (1952)
Constitution:
11 September 1971; amended 22 may 1980, 25 may 2005, and 26 march 2007; note - constitution dissolved by the military caretaker government 13 February 2011
Legal system:
Based on the Islamic and civil law (particularly Napoleonic codes); judicial review by Supreme Court and council of state (oversees validity of administrative decisions); accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Executive branch:
Chief of state: President (vacant); Vice President (vacant); note - following the resignation of President Mohamed Hosni Mubarak in February 2011, the supreme council of the armed forces, headed by defense minister Muhammad Hussein Tantawi, assumed control of the government
Head of government: Prime Minister Essam Abdel Aziz Sharaf (since 4 March 2011); Deputy Prime Minister Yehia El-Gamal (since 24 February 2011)
Cabinet: a new cabinet was sworn in on 7 March 2011
Elections: President elected by popular vote for a six-year term (no term limits)
Election results: Hosni Mubarak re-elected President; percent of vote - Hosni Mubarak 88.6%, Ayman Nour 7.6%, Noman Gomaa 2.9%
Legislative branch:
Bicameral system consists of the advisory council or Majlis Al-Shura (Shura Council) that traditionally functions mostly in a consultative role (264 seats; 176 members elected by popular vote, 88 appointed by the President; members serve six-year terms; mid-term elections for half of the elected members) and the people's assembly or Majlis Al-Sha'b (518 seats; 508 members elected by popular vote, 64 seats reserved for women, 10 appointed by the President; members serve five-year terms)
Elections: advisory council - last held in June 2010 (next to be held in 2013); people's assembly - last held in November-December 2010 in one round of voting and one run-off election (next to be held in 2015); note - on 13 February 2011 the ruling military council dissolved the parliament
Election results: advisory council - percent of vote by party - Na; seats by party - NDP 80, Al-Geel 1, Nasserist 1, NWP 1, Tagammu 1, Tomorrow Party 1, Independents 3; People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - Na; seats by party - NDP 419, NWP 6, Tagammu 5, Democratic Peace Party 1, Social Justice Party 1, Tomorrow Party 1, Independents 71, seats undecided 4, seats appointed by President 10
Judicial branch:
Supreme constitutional court
Political parties and leaders:
Al-Geel; Democratic Peace Party; Nasserist Party
; National Democratic Party or NDP (governing party)
; National Progressive Unionist Grouping or Tagammu
; New WAFD Party or NWP
; Social Justice Party
; Tomorrow Party
Note: formation of political parties must be approved by the government; only parties with representation in elected bodies are listed
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Muslim Brotherhood (technically illegal)
Note: despite a constitutional ban on religious-based parties and political activity, the technically illegal Muslim Brotherhood constitutes Egypt's most potentially significant political opposition. President Mubarak has alternated between tolerating limited political activity by the Brotherhood and blocking its influence (its members compete as independents in elections but do not currently hold any seats in the legislature); civic society groups are sanctioned, but constrained in practical terms; only trade unions and professional associations affiliated with the government are officially sanctioned; internet social networking groups and bloggers
International organization participation:
ABEDA, AFDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CICA, COMESA, D-8, EBRD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Flag description:
Three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; the national emblem (a gold Eagle of Saladin facing the hoist side with a shield superimposed on its chest above a scroll bearing the name of the country in Arabic) centred in the white band; the band colours derive from the Arab Liberation flag and represent oppression (black), overcome through bloody struggle (red), to be replaced by a bright future (white)
Note: similar to the flag of Syria, which has two green stars in the white band, Iraq, which has an Arabic inscription centered in the white band, and Yemen, which has a plain white band
National anthem:
Name: "Bilady, Bilady, Bilady" (my homeland, my homeland, my homeland)
Lyrics/music: Younis-Al Gadi/Sayed Darwish
Note: adopted 1979; after the signing of the 1979 peace with Israel, Egypt sought to create an anthem less militaristic than its previous one; Sayed Darwish, commonly considered the father of modern Egyptian music, composed the anthem.